Glossary

Offense

The team with the ball tries to move it forward and score. These are its formations, plays and techniques.

Receivers route tree

Almost every pass pattern is built from a handful of basic routes. Coaches number them from 1 to 9, from the shortest to the deepest, and together they are called the route tree. Even numbers break toward the middle of the field, and odd numbers break toward the sideline.

Hover over a route to light it up, then click to open its page.

Flat routeanimated diagramSlant routeanimated diagramComeback routeanimated diagramCurl routeanimated diagramOut routeanimated diagramDig routeanimated diagramCorner routeanimated diagramPost routeanimated diagramGo routeanimated diagramSeam routeanimated diagramWheel routePro, animated diagramHot routePro, animated diagram

Offensive formations

Under centeranimated diagramI formationanimated diagramPistol formationPro, animated diagramWishbonePro, animated diagramFlexbonePro, animated diagramT formationPro, animated diagramTripsanimated diagramUnbalanced linePro, animated diagramStrong side and weak sideMotionanimated diagramNo-huddle offenseSpread offenseAir raid offenseProWest Coast offenseProRun and shootProPersonnel groupingsPro

Running plays and ball carriers

Handoffanimated diagramDiveanimated diagramSweepanimated diagramDraw playanimated diagramCounterPro, animated diagramReverseanimated diagramEnd aroundPro, animated diagramTrapPro, animated diagramBootlegPro, animated diagramZone readPro, animated diagramRun-pass optionProQuarterback sneakanimated diagramKneel downanimated diagramStiff-armJukeTrick playFlea flickerPro, animated diagramHalfback optionProFumblerooskiPro

Passing plays

Forward passLateralBombHail Maryanimated diagramPump fakeanimated diagramScrambleanimated diagramSpikeBubble screenanimated diagramHook and lateralPro, animated diagramMax protectPro, animated diagramPass protectionanimated diagramPlay-action passanimated diagramScreen passanimated diagramFour verticalsPro, animated diagramCheckdownanimated diagramShotgunanimated diagramAudibleanimated diagramWildcat formationanimated diagramTriple optionanimated diagram

Blocking and protection

Three-point stancePancake blockCut blockProPullingProEligible receiverPocketanimated diagramKick slidePro, animated diagramZone blockingPro, animated diagramGap blockingPro, animated diagram